Vitamin B12

Vitamin B12, or cobalamin, is an essential water-soluble vitamin that the human body cannot produce on its own. It is unique for containing the metal ion cobalt and is primarily found in animal-sourced foods such as meat, fish, eggs, and dairy, as well as in fortified cereals and plant-based milks. It is a critical nutrient for neurological function, the production of DNA, and the maturation of red blood cells. Since it is bound to proteins in food, it requires adequate stomach acid and a protein called intrinsic factor for proper absorption.